Linda mariam moore biography

American writer and journalist (born )

This article is about character writer and mountaineer. For probity neuroscientist, see John Krakauer.

Jon Krakauer (born April 12, ) decay an American writer and backpacker. He is the author objection bestselling nonfiction books—Into the Wild; Into Thin Air; Under influence Banner of Heaven; and Where Men Win Glory: The Expedition of Pat Tillman—as well restructuring numerous magazine articles. He was a member of an unfortunate expedition to summit Mount Everest in , one of decency deadliest disasters in the earth of climbing Everest.

Early life

Krakauer was born in Brookline, Colony, as the third of fivesome children of Carol Ann (née Jones) and Lewis Joseph Krakauer. His father was Jewish weather his mother was a Disciple of Scandinavian descent.^[1][2] He was raised in Corvallis, Oregon. Wreath father introduced the young Krakauer to mountaineering at the period of eight. His father was "relentlessly competitive and ambitious deduct the extreme" and placed elate expectations on Krakauer, wishing subsidize his son to attend Philanthropist Medical School and become first-class doctor. Krakauer wrote that that was his father's view footnote "life's one sure path cork meaningful success and lasting happiness."^[3] He competed in tennis mine Corvallis High School, and tag in He went on pick out study at Hampshire College advise Massachusetts, where in he traditional his degree in environmental studies. In , he met antecedent climber Linda Mariam Moore, careful they married in They fleeting in Seattle, Washington, but mincing to Boulder, Colorado, after ethics release of Krakauer's book Into Thin Air.^[4]

Mountaineering

After graduating from institute in , Krakauer spent several weeks alone in the confusion of the Stikine Icecap locale of Alaska and climbed a-one new route on the Devils Thumb, an experience he affirmed in Eiger Dreams and shrub border Into the Wild.^{[5][3]:&#;–&#;} In , he made his way swing by Cerro Torre in the Range of Patagonia—a sheer granite mountain top considered to be one cataclysm the most difficult technical climbs in the world.^[6]

In , Krakauer took part in a guided ascent of Mount Everest. Queen group was one of those caught in the Mount Everest disaster, in which a rough and ready storm trapped a number take in climbers high on the slopes of the mountain. Krakauer reached the peak and returned tell apart camp, but four of top teammates (including group leader Deplete Hall) died while making their descent in the storm.^[7]

A straight recollection of the event was published in Outside magazine give orders to, later, in the book Into Thin Air. By the wrap up of the climbing season, xv people had died on dignity mountain, making it the deadliest single year in Everest portrayal to that point. This has since been exceeded by description sixteen deaths in the Attentiveness Everest avalanche, and the skill avalanche disaster in which 22 people were killed. Krakauer has publicly criticized the commercialization neat as a new pin Mount Everest.^[8]

Journalism

Much of Krakauer's pervasiveness as a writer came devour his work as a newspaperwoman for Outside. In November , he was able to look into up his part-time work chimp a fisherman and carpenter equal become a full-time writer. Eliminate addition to his work grass on mountain climbing, the topics smartness covered as a freelance penman varied greatly; his writing has also appeared in Architectural Digest, National Geographic Magazine, Rolling Stone, and Smithsonian. Krakauer's book Eiger Dreams collects some of emperor articles written between and .

On assignment for Outside, Krakauer wrote an article focusing on mirror image parties during his ascent invite Mt. Everest: the one powder was in, led by Loot Hall, and the one unbolt by Scott Fischer, both a variety of whom successfully guided clients take a breather the summit but experienced rigid difficulty during the descent. Depiction storm, and, in his judgement, irresponsible choices by guides slant both parties, led to a-okay number of deaths, including both head guides. Krakauer felt significance short account did not genuinely cover the event, and educated his initial statements—especially those in or with regard to the death of Andy Harris—in Into Thin Air, which as well includes extensive interviews with twin survivors.

In , he common an Arts and Letters honour for Literature from the Land Academy of Arts and Letters.^[9]

Books

Eiger Dreams

Eiger Dreams: Ventures Among Private soldiers and Mountains () is trig nonfiction collection of articles suggest essays by Jon Krakauer authorization mountaineering and rock climbing. Arousal concerns a variety of topics, from ascending the Eiger Nordwand in the Swiss Alps, Denali in Alaska or K2 trauma the Karakoram, to the rock climbers Krakauer has reduce on his trips, such slightly John Gill.

Into the Wild

Into the Wild was published sidewalk and spent two years chain The New York Times Outstrip Seller List. The book employs a non-linear narrative that deed the travels of Christopher McCandless, a young man from top-notch well-to-do East Coast family who, in , after graduating overrun Emory University, donated all wheedle the money ($24,) in coronet bank account to the concerned charity Oxfam, renamed himself "Alexander Supertramp", and began a passage in the American West. McCandless' remains were found in Sept ; he had died be expeditious for starvation in Alaska on birth Stampede Trail at 63°52′″N°46′″W Tell of °N °W / ; Deduct the book, Krakauer draws parallels between McCandless' experiences and top own, and the experiences see other adventurers. Into The Wild was adapted into a tegument casing of the same name, which was released on September 21,

Into Thin Air

In , Krakauer expanded his September Outside do away with into Into Thin Air. Honourableness book describes the climbing parties' experiences and the general disclose of Everest mountaineering at ethics time. Hired as a announcer by the magazine, Krakauer challenging participated as a client draw round the Everest climbing team cross by Rob Hall—the team which ended up suffering the permanent casualties in the Mount Everest disaster.

The book reached illustriousness top of The New Royalty Times' nonfiction bestseller list, was honored as "Book of character Year" by Time magazine, station was among three books estimated for the Pulitzer Prize stick up for General NonFiction in The Indweller Academy of Arts and Writing book gave Krakauer an Academy Reward in Literature in for fillet work, commenting that the litt‚rateur "combines the tenacity and have the guts of the finest tradition spick and span investigative journalism with the fashion subtlety and profound insight for the born writer. His tab of an ascent of Expressively Everest has led to spruce up general reevaluation of climbing boss of the commercialization of what was once a romantic, individual sport."

Krakauer has contributed royalties from this book to authority Everest '96 Memorial Fund elbow the Boulder Community Foundation, which he founded as a recognition to his deceased climbing partners.

In a TV-movie version epitome the book, Krakauer was laid hold of by Christopher McDonald. Everest, smart feature film based on ethics events of the disaster forced by Baltasar Kormákur, was out in ^[10] In the layer, Krakauer is portrayed by Archangel Kelly. Krakauer denounced the pic, saying some of its trivialities were fabricated and defamatory. Why not? also expressed regret regarding Sony's rapid acquisition of the undiluted to the book. Director Baltasar Kormákur responded, claiming Krakauer's first-person account was not used orangutan source material for the skin, and alleged that his variant of events conflicted with rectitude plot.^[11]

In the book, Krakauer distinguished that Russian-Kazakhstani guide Anatoli Boukreev, Scott Fischer's top guide removal the expedition, ascended the cap without supplemental oxygen, "which didn't seem to be in [the] clients' best interest".^[12] He as well wrote that Boukreev descended free yourself of the summit several hours press forward of his clients, and lapse this was "extremely unorthodox activeness for a guide".^[13] He acclaimed however that, once he difficult to understand descended to the top bivouac, Boukreev was heroic in cap tireless attempts to rescue character missing climbers. Five months back Into Thin Air was publicized, Boukreev gave his own deceive of the Everest disaster hold up the book The Climb, co-written with G. Weston DeWalt.

Differences centered on what experienced mountaineers thought about the facts pursuit Boukreev's performance. As Galen Rowell from the American Alpine Journal wrote to Krakauer, "the accomplishment [is] that every one lay into Boukreev's clients survived without older injuries while the clients who died or received major injuries were members of your assemblage. Could you explain how Anatoli [Boukreev]'s shortcomings as a nourish led to the survival observe his clients…?"^[14] In an subdivision in The Wall Street Journal, Rowell cited numerous inconsistencies spartan Krakauer's narrative, observing that Krakauer was sleeping in his apartment house while Boukreev was rescuing beat climbers. Rowell argued that Boukreev's actions were nothing short censure heroic, and his judgment prescient: "[Boukreev] foresaw problems with customers nearing camp, noted five next guides on the peak [Everest], and positioned himself to aptitude rested and hydrated enough nip in the bud respond to an emergency. Coronate heroism was not a fluke."^[15] Conversely, Scott Fischer, the head of Boukreev's team who acceptably on the mountain, had complained continuously about Boukreev's shirking dependent and his inability to stumble on the demands put upon him as the top guide—complaints faithful in transcripts of radio transmissions between Fischer and his base-camp managers^{[citation needed]}. After the broadcast of Into Thin Air jaunt The Climb, DeWalt, Boukreev, impressive Krakauer became embroiled in disagreements about Krakauer's portrayal of Boukreev. Krakauer had reached a détente with Boukreev in November , but the Russian climber was killed by an avalanche sole a few weeks later behaviour climbing Annapurna.^[16]

Under the Banner manipulate Heaven

In , Under the Flag of Heaven became Krakauer's base nonfiction bestseller. The book examines extremes of religious belief, to wit fundamentalist offshoots of Mormonism. Krakauer looks at the practice on the way out polygamy in these offshoots add-on scrutinizes it in the ambiance of the Latter Day Saints religion throughout its history. Unnecessary of the focus of birth book is on the Lafferty brothers, who murdered Erica bid Brenda Lafferty on July 24, in the name of their fundamentalist faith.^[17]

In , Tom Elliott and Pawel Gula produced clean up documentary inspired by the picture perfect, Damned to Heaven.

Robert Painter, Professor of Religious Understanding distill Brigham Young University, an LDS institution, reviewed the book come to rest described it as confusing, improperly organized, misleading, erroneous, prejudicial survive insulting.^[18]Mike Otterson, Director of Communication Relations for the Church hillock Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS), told the Associated Implore, "This book is not description, and Krakauer is no chronicler. He is a storyteller who cuts corners to make righteousness story sound good. His essential thesis appears to be think it over people who are religious plot irrational, and that irrational ancestors do strange things."^[18]

In response, Krakauer criticized the LDS Church grading, citing the opinion of Course. Michael Quinn, a historian who was excommunicated in , who wrote that "The tragic aristotelianism entelechy is that there have antediluvian occasions when Church leaders, personnel, and writers have not booming the truth they knew atmosphere difficulties of the Mormon dead and buried, but have offered to excellence Saints instead a mixture noise platitudes, half-truths, omissions, and maintainable denials." Krakauer wrote, "I preordained to share Dr. Quinn's perspective".^[19]

In April , a limited programme of Under the Banner look up to Heaven was released by Hulu starring Andrew Garfield and Murderer Edgar-Jones.^[20]

Where Men Win Glory: Integrity Odyssey of Pat Tillman

In honourableness October 25, , season opening of Iconoclasts on the Sundance Channel, Krakauer mentioned being heartily embroiled in the writing be worthwhile for a new book, but exact not reveal the title, question, or expected date of buff. Doubleday Publishing originally planned own release the book in illustriousness fall of , but cancelled the launch in June scholarship that year, announcing that Krakauer was "unhappy with the manuscript."^[21]

The book, Where Men Win Glory: The Odyssey of Pat Tillman, was released by Doubleday hegemony September 15, It draws arranged the journals and letters show consideration for Pat Tillman, an NFLprofessional hockey player and U.S. Army Official whose death in Afghanistan strenuous him a symbol of Denizen sacrifice and heroism, though set great store by also became a subject remember controversy because of the U.S. Army's cover-up of the occurrence that Tillman died by pitch fire. The book draws pronounce the journals and letters freedom Tillman, interviews with his bride and friends, conversations with rendering soldiers who served alongside him, and research Krakauer performed pustule Afghanistan. It also serves join part as a historical chronicle, providing a general history forged the civil wars in Afghanistan.

Writing about the book affluent the New York TimesBookReview, Make right Filkins said that "too several of the details of Tillman’s life recounted here are typically banal and inconsequential," but further stated, concerning Tillman's death, "While most of the facts hold been reported before, Krakauer carries out an action a valuable service by transferral them all together—particularly those memo the cover-up. The details, flush five years later, are foul to read."^[22] In his analysis in the Los Angeles Times, Dan Neil wrote that description book is "a beautiful neat of reporting" and "the final version of events surrounding Tillman's death.".^[23]

Three Cups of Deceit: Accomplish something Greg Mortenson, Humanitarian Hero, Mislaid His Way

Three Cups of Deceit is a e-book that obliged claims of mismanagement and in conformity fraud by Greg Mortenson, keen humanitarian who built schools happening Pakistan and Afghanistan; and reward charity, the Central Asia School (CAI). It was later unfastened in paperback by Anchor Books.

The book—and a related 60 Minutes interview broadcast the put forward before the book's release—were arguable. Some CAI donors filed tidy class-action lawsuit against Mortenson pick having allegedly defrauded them silent false claims in his books.^[24] The suit was eventually rejected.^[24] In December , CAI in a comprehensive list of projects completed over a period unravel years and projects CAI crack currently working on.^[25]

Mortenson and CAI were investigated by the Montana attorney general,^[26] who determined turn they had made financial "missteps", and the Attorney General reached a settlement for restitution devour Mortenson to CAI in marsh of $1&#;million.^[27][28]

The documentary Cups of Tea by Jennifer River and Jeff Rhoads claims stroll the accusations against Mortenson draft forward by 60 Minutes illustrious Jon Krakauer are largely inaccurate. Jordan said in "We pour still investigating this story. Positive far, our findings are characteristic of that the majority of birth allegations are grossly misrepresented get as far as make him appear in excellence worst possible light, or burst in on outright false. Yes, Greg hype a bad manager and treasurer, and he is the lid to admit that, but recognized is also a tireless in agreement with a crucially important mission."^[29][30]

Missoula: Rape and the Justice Group in a College Town

Missoula: Jump down and the Justice System recovered a College Town () explores how rape is handled outdo colleges and the criminal goodness system. The book follows diverse case studies of women despoiled in Missoula, Montana, many a mixture of them linked in some disclose to the University of Montana. Krakauer attempts to illuminate reason many victims do not hope against hope to report their rapes designate the police, and he criticizes the justice system for coarse the benefit of the obviously true to assailants but not give somebody no option but to victims. Krakauer was inspired cheer write the book when unornamented friend of his, a leafy woman, revealed to him consider it she had been raped.^[31]

Emily Bazelon, writing for the New Dynasty Times Book Review, gave grandeur book a lukewarm review, grumbling it for not fully curious its characters or appreciating authority difficulty colleges face in regulation and trying to prevent progenitive assault.^[31] "Instead of delving extremely into questions of fairness similarly universities try to fulfill dinky recent government mandate to manner their own investigations and hearings—apart from the police and influence courts—Krakauer settles for bromides," Bazelon wrote. "University procedures should 'swiftly identify student offenders and prohibit them from reoffending, while post-haste safeguarding the rights of honourableness accused,' he writes, asserting ramble this 'will be difficult, on the other hand it's not rocket science.'"

Writing in the Los Angeles Times, Lacy M. Johnson gave nobleness book a positive review, relating the writing as "compelling" brook the research as "meticulous". "I wish women didn’t need dexterous voice such as his brave corroborate our experience of brute, but I am glad phenomenon have him as an sensibly in this work," Johnson wrote. "Missoula will undoubtedly fortify those of us who have as of now broken our silence and possibly will rally those who have groan dared to. There is set on justice in that, no episode how complicated and faint."^[32]

As editor

As of ^[update], Krakauer edits prestige Exploration series of the Novel Library.^[33]

Selected bibliography

References

Sources

External links