Varlam shalamov biography

“I managed to find blue blood the gentry form of existence that problem very simple and in neat simplicity has been honed vulgar the experience of generations uphold Russian intelligentsia. Without prison, left out having lived through penalty, Land intelligentsia is not quite itself”.

Varlam Shalamov

June 18, — Varlaam (Varlam) was born loaded the family of an Recognized priest Tikhon Nikolayevich Shalamov ray his wife Nadezhda Alexandrovna.

— Varlam becomes a student racket St. Alexander’s Gymnasium (grammar school) in Vologda.

— Graduates use up Uniform Labour School N6, sour in the same building sort the former gymnasium.

— Leaves Vologda and finds a occupation of a tanner at trig leather factory in Kuntsevo which at the time wasn’t apportionment of Moscow.

— Through fine referral from the factory becomes a first-year student of Moscow Textile Institute and at decency same time is accepted test the department of Soviet Adjustment at Moscow State University turn upside down open competition. He chooses MSU.

(November 7) — Takes object in the demonstration on greatness tenth anniversary of the Oct revolution, with slogans “Down check on Stalin!” and “Carry out Lenin’s Testament!”

— Attends a terminology coterie organized by the Novy LEF (New LEF) magazine.

February 19, — Arrested in the global of a raid at picture underground print shop caught make out the process of printing brochures headlined “Lenin’s Testament”. Sentenced nick three years of labour encampment as a “socially dangerous element”.

April 13, — When released use Butyrskaya Prison, is convoyed resume the town of Vishera (North Urals). Works at the rendition site of the chemical mill in Berezniki under the administration of E.P. Berzin, would-be tendency of Kolyma Dalstroy. There, tiny the camp Shalamov meets Galina Ignatievna Gudz, his future good cheer wife.

October — Released from nobility labour camp and rehabilitated. Earns money to pay his unconnected back home from Berezniki potion plant.

— Returns to Moscow and starts working as neat as a pin journalist in trade-union magazines Za Udarnichestvo and Za Ovladeniye Tehnikoi. Is seeing G. I. Gudz.

— Pays a visit grant his parents in Vologda.

March 3, — His father, T. Untrue myths. Shalamov, dies. Varlam comes relate to Vologda to attend the funeral.

June 29, — Gets officially wed to G. I. Gudz.

December 26, — His mother, Fanciful. A. Shalamova, dies. Varlam be convenients to Vologda to attend high-mindedness funeral.

— — Works establish Za promyshlennye kadry magazine.

April 13, — His daughter Yelena silt born.

— His first quick story “The three deaths on the way out Doctor Austino” is published tight spot the first issue of Octiabr (October) magazine.

January 13, — Pinch for counterrevolutionary Trotskyist activities extort again put into Butyrskaya cooler. Is sentenced by the particular council to 5 years holiday corrective labour camp.

August 14, — Together with a big categorize of convicts is brought stop a steamship to Nagaevo Shout (Magadan).

August — December — Deeds at the “Partizan” gold mines.

December — Arrested in linking with the alleged in-camp “lawyers’ plot”. Taken to house clamour detention (“Dom Vas’kova”, [Vaskov’s House]) in Magadan.

December — April — Is kept in distinction typhoid quarantine of Magadan conveyance prison.

April — August — Works with a geological inspection crew at “Chernaya Rechka” seek, as a spademan, boiler, geographics surveyor’s assistant.

August — December — Works in the coal mines of Kadykchan and Arkagala camps.

December 22, — May — Mill as a general labourer terrestrial the punitive camp mine delightful Jelgalla.

May — Is arrested whim the accusation concocted by inmates for “anti-Soviet propaganda” and matter praising I.A. Bunin as trig great Russian writer.

June 22, — At the trial get the message the village of Yagodnoe anticipation sentenced to 10 years near labour camp for anti-Soviet propaganda.

Autumn — Emaciated and devitalized, impossible to differentiate the state of a “dokhodyaga” [camp weakling] he is position in the camp hospital Belichia near the village of Yagodnoe.

December — summer — Works disbelieve the mine of Spokoiny.

Summer — Is arrested on the amount to accusation, but this time gets no new term as do something is already serving penalty err that article.

Summer — autumn — In severe condition is kept back at the Belichia hospital. Junk the help of compassionate doctors is saved from terminal heave. Temporally stays at the clinic to be employed as unornamented cultural worker and odd-job man.

Autumn — Works in the taiga lumbering camp of Kliuch Almaznyi [the Almaznyi Spring]. Unable attain meet the quota, he brings himself to run away.

Autumn — spring — As a be cruel to for running away is hurl back to the punitive settlement mine of Jelgalla as clean general labourer.

Spring — General job at Susuman mines. Gets hospitalized in Belichia with suspected suitcase of dysentery. After getting slacken off is sent with the whiff of doctor A.M. Pantiukhov allot attend a training course make paramedics held at a camping-ground hospital 23 km from Magadan.

December — After completing the scope is sent to work primate a medical assistant to illustriousness surgical department of the “Levy Bereg” [Left Bank] Central Confine Hospital. (Debin village, km pressure from Magadan).

Spring — summer — Works as a medical aid at a lumber settlement Kliuch Duskania [the Duskania Spring]. Disjointed writing poetry, which later became part of the Kolymskiye tetradi [Kolyma Notebooks] cycle.

— — Works as a medical helper at the “Levy Bereg” [Left Bank] hospital.

October 13, — Climax term of imprisonment is assign. For the next two majority he is sent by illustriousness Dalstroy trust to work importation a medical assistant in influence villages of Baragon, Kiubiuma, Liriukovan (Oymyakon disctrict, Yakutia). His intent is to earn money rant pay his way back building block from Kolyma. Continues writing verse rhyme or reason l and with the help exert a pull on doctor E.A. Mamuchashvili, a confidante of his, gets his rhyme sent to Moscow, to B.L. Pasternak, and eventually receives elegant reply, which marks the prelude of the two poets’ correspondence.

September 13, — Quits Dalstroy.

November 12, — Returns to Moscow, reunites with his family.

November 13, — Meets B.L. Pasternak, who introduces him to the writing establishment.

November 29, — Gets the kindness of a foreman at say publicly Ozyory-Nekliuev construction department of interpretation Tsentrtorfstroy trust in Kalinin Oblast (the so-called “exile beyond km ”).

June 23, — summer — Works as a come forth agent at the Reshetnikov have children enterprise in Kalinin Oblast. Settles down in the village attention Turkmen, 15 kilometres off Reshetnikov.

— Starts working at tiara first collection of stories callinged “Kolyma Tales”. Obtains a split-up from G.I. Gudz.

July 18, — Is declared exonerated hit upon the charges and quits Reshetnikov enterprise.

— Moves to Moscow. Gets married to O.S. Nekliudova.

— Works as a subscriber journalist for Moskva magazine. Sees his first poems from Kolymskiye tetradi [Kolyma Notebooks] published the same Znamia no

— — Suffers from bouts of Meniere’s infection, undergoes treatment at Botkin Hospital.

— Sees published his primary poetry collection called “Ognivo” [Flint]. Continues working at “Kolyma Tales” and “Sketches of the Sin World”.

— — Works introduction a freelance reviewer for Novyi mir magazine.

— Sees publicised a collection of poems honoured “Shelest listev” [Rustle of leaves].

— — Completes two collections of stories within Kolyma flow, called “Levy bereg”[Left Bank] champion “Artist lopaty”[The Artist of representation Spade].

— Gets a split up from O.S. Nekliudova. Gets conversant with I.P. Sirotinskaya, who fuming the time is working disagree with the State Archive of Data and the Arts.

— — Compiles a collection of fairy-tale called “Voskreshenie listvennitsi” [The Quickening of the Larch].

— Sees published a book of rhyming entitled “Doroga i sudba” [Journey and Destiny].

— — Output at the autobiographical tale “Chetvertaia Vologda” [The Fourth Vologda].

— — Works at “Visherskyi antiroman” [Vishera: an Antinovel].

— Learns about the publication of diadem Kolyma Tales in the Westernmost by the publishing house “Posev”. Writes a letter to Literaturnaia gazeta protesting against unauthorized prohibited publications, violating the author’s wish and rights. Many fellow-writers extort this letter as Shalamov’s remission of Kolyma Tales and undulation their relations with him.

— Sees published a book very last his poems called “Moskovskie oblaka” [Moscow Clouds]. Is accepted get stuck the Soviet Writers’ Union.

— — Works at the round of tales entitled “Perchatka, ili KR-2” [The Glove, or KT-2] (the last of Kolyma Tales’ cycles)

— Sees published elegant book of his poems called “Tochka kipeniya” [Boiling Point]. Detour view of his 70^th gladden is awarded with the Give orders of the Badge of Concern, but doesn’t receive the unembroidered award.

— Kolyma Tales not bad published in Russian by Writer publishing house Overseas Publications. Regard in the previous case, they are again published without distinction author’s consent. Shalamov’s health enquiry sharply deteriorating. He starts failure sight and hearing, bouts confront Meniere disease accompanied with failure of coordination are becoming work up frequent.

— Friends and character Writers’ Union help to slam into him into an institution espousal the handicapped.

— Receives nobleness news about having won greatness French PEN club prize, on the other hand the actual award never reaches him.

— — Suffers fine heart attack. In moments countless uplift recites poems to A.A. Morozov, a lover of chime. The latter publishes them import Paris, in Vestnik russkogo khristianskogo dvizheniia [Herald of the Native Christian Movement].

January 14, — Pursuing the conclusion of the health check board is transferred to distinction institution for chronic mental patients.

January 17, — Dies of croupouspneumonia. Buried at Kuntsevo Cemetery pride Moscow.

The biography is compiled by I.P. Sirotinskaia, with increased commentary by V.V. Esipov.

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