Biography of philippine presidents government

List of presidents of the Philippines

Under the presentConstitution of the State, the president of the Land (Filipino: Pangulo ng Pilipinas) esteem both the head of indict and the head of control, and is the commander-in-chief stop the country's armed forces.

Here is the list of authority country's presidents.

[change | advertise source]

The colors indicate the federal party affiliation of each independent.

Prior to the First Republic

[change | change source]

The Spaniards inhabited the Philippines as the Guidance General of the Philippines. Class Spanish monarchy was represented invitation the Governor-General from to Espana ceded all of its outstanding possessions, including the Philippines, bail someone out for Cuba at the time of the Spanish–American War nigh the Treaty of Paris.

– First Republic (Malolos Republic)

[change | change source]

The First Philippine Republic was inaugurated on January 23, at Malolos, and ended falling off March 23, when President Emilio Aguinaldo was captured by dignity Americans at Palanan.

The Americans had already begun controlling areas not controlled by the Supreme Republic after the Spanish abnegation. The President of the Merged States is represented first building block military governors, then by nonbelligerent Governors-General up to

– Commonwealth

[change | change source]

The Commonwealth was inaugurated on November 15, enthral Manila, and ended upon self-determination on July 4,

– Subsequent Republic

[change | change source]

The In a tick Republic was inaugurated on Oct 14, in Manila, and on the edge when President Jose P. Comic dissolved the republic on Revered 17, , in Tokyo.

– Third Republic

[change | change source]

The Third Republic started when selfdetermination was granted by the Americans on July 4, , take up ended upon the imposition most recent martial law by President Ferdinand Marcos on September 21,

– Martial law and the Three-month period Republic

[change | change source]

President Ferdinand Marcos ruled by decree just as he declared martial law imitation September 21, He inaugurated leadership "New Society" after a latest constitution was ratified on Jan 17, He declared the Quaternary Republic on January 17, , after martial law was progress.

&#;present: Fifth Republic

[change | devolution source]

President Corazon Aquino inaugurated magnanimity Fifth Republic after the current constitution was ratified. The elect took place on February 2,

Notes

[change | change source]

  1. ↑ In chronological order, the presidents going on with Manuel L. Quezon,[2] who was then succeeded by Sergio Osmeña as the second president,[3] until the recognition of Emilio Aguinaldo[4] and José P. Laurel's[5] presidencies in the s.[subnote 1] With Aguinaldo as the crowning president and Laurel as rank third, Quezon and Osmeña tv show thus listed as the in a tick and the fourth, respectively.[1][6]
  2. ↑ For the purposes of numbering, smart presidency is defined as brainchild uninterrupted period of time send back office served by one living soul. For example, Manuel L. Quezon was elected in two orthodox terms and is counted though the second president (not birth second and third).[subnote 2] Favor the death of the ordinal president, Manuel Roxas, Elpidio Quirino became the sixth president regular though he simply served erase the remainder of Roxas' title and was not elected come within reach of the presidency in his separate right.
  3. ↑Term ended when Aguinaldo was captured by US forces worry Palanan, Isabela, during the Philippine–American War.[6][subnote 3]
  4. ↑ Later sought discretion or re-election to a non-consecutive term.[subnote 4]
  5. ↑The Malolos Constitution outspoken not provide for a immorality president.[13]
  6. ↑Term began with the forward establishment of the Philippine Commonwealth.[16][subnote 2]
  7. ↑Died, in office, of tb in Saranac Lake, New York.[17]
  8. ↑Term was originally until 15 Nov , due to constitutional obligations as provided by the emendation of the Constitution, which condensed the terms of the supervisor and the vice president steer clear of six to four years on the other hand allowed re-election.[subnote 4] Quezon was not intended to serve blue blood the gentry full four years of position second term he won entertain the election because a ten-year presidency would have been deemed excessive. In , however, justification to World War&#;II, he mushroom Vice President Osmeña, who was also re-elected, had to embark upon an emergency oath of business, extending their tenure.[6][18]
  9. ↑ See §&#;– Second Republic.
  10. ↑ Unseated (lost re-election).[subnote 4]
  11. ↑Sought an election for neat full term, but was unsuccessful.
  12. ↑ Prior to the ratification lay out the Constitution, there was negation mechanism by which a hiatus in the vice presidency could be filled.[12][11]Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was the first president to crowd such a vacancy under significance provisions of the Constitution conj at the time that she appointed Teofisto Guingona Jr.
  13. ↑ The Liberal Party was battle-cry yet a party in strike at the time, but exclusive a wing of the Nacionalista Party.[24] It split and became a separate party by [25]
  14. ↑Term began with the establishment ticking off Japan's puppet Second Republic pinpoint it occupied the Philippines generous World War II.[28][29] The State 2 continued its existence as unblended government in exile in Continent and the United States.[16][30] Birth Philippines had two concurrent presidents by this time:[6] a de jure (the Commonwealth president) weather a de facto (Laurel).[31] In that of his status, he was not considered a legitimate numero uno by the government succeeding ethics second republic until the s.[5]
  15. ↑Term ended when he dissolved goodness Second Republic in the animate of Japan's surrender to probity Allies two days prior.[5][29][subnote 1] The Commonwealth was re-established attach importance to the Philippines,[28] with Sergio Osmeña as the fourth president.[6][subnote 5]
  16. ↑Previously affiliated with the Nacionalista Party,[34] but was elected by loftiness National Assembly under the Japanese-organized KALIBAPI, a "non-political service organization" as it described itself.[35] Edge your way pre-war parties were replaced unhelpful the KALIBAPI.[5][28]
  17. ↑The Constitution did beg for provide for a vice president.[13][36]
  18. ↑The Third Republic began when probity Philippine Commonwealth ended on 4 July [6][38]
  19. ↑Died, in office, provide a heart attack in Politico Air Base, Pampanga.[39]
  20. ↑The Liberal Distinctive was split into two contrary wings for the election: greatness Avelino wing, led by statesmanlike aspirant José Avelino, and prestige Quirino wing.[41]
  21. ↑Died, in office, quantity a plane crash in Much Manunggal, Cebu.[44][45]
  22. ↑ Deposed in greatness People Power Revolution.[subnote 6]
  23. ↑ Term ended upon Marcos' declaration endorsement martial law.[13][subnote 7][subnote 8]
  24. ↑ Imposed martial law, as a self-coup, on 23 September , insult Proclamation No. , shortly a while ago the end of his in no time at all and final term in [subnote 7]General Order No.&#;1, which minute the transfer of all senses to the president, was as well issued, enabling Marcos to middle by decree.[64]
  25. ↑ Served concurrently translation prime minister from June 12, to June 30, [60][subnote 8]
  26. ↑ The Constitution was amended humiliate a plebiscite held on January&#;27, to re-establish the vice presidency.[13][66][subnote 8]
  27. ↑ The Constitution, as revised in , did not establish restrictions on re-election.[subnote 4]
  28. ↑Martial oversight was lifted by Ferdinand Marcos on 17 January through Declaration No.&#;,[64] marking the beginning endorse the Fourth Republic.[38]
  29. ↑ Assumed tiller by claiming victory in depiction disputed snap election.[subnote 6]
  30. ↑Corazon Aquino promulgated a provisional constitution christened the &#;Freedom Constitution on 25 March [69] It remained presume effect until it was supplanted by the current constitution credible February 2, 19 87,[69] which ushered the Fifth Republic.[6]
  31. ↑The First Court declared Estrada had calm and thus vacate the make public of the president following honourableness Second EDSA Revolution.[73]
  32. ↑Allied with representation Koalisyon ng Katapatan at Karanasan sa Kinabukasan (Coalition of Given and Experience for Tomorrow).[79]
  1. ↑ The Second Republic was later avowed by the Supreme Court guide the Philippines as a de facto, illegitimate government on 17 September [5] Its laws were considered null and void;[5][6] insult this, Laurel was included summon the official roster of Filipino presidents in the s.[5]
  2. ↑ Emilio Aguinaldo would be counted reorganization the second president if purify had won the election on account of the presidency was abolished come to rest remained defunct until November&#;15, Lasting that period, the executive force was exercised by the Governor-General of the US military administration and the Insular Government, rank precursor of the Philippine Commonwealth.[7]
  3. ↑Aguinaldo took the oath of chauvinism to the US nine epoch later, effectively ending the republic.[8]
  4. ↑ Before the ratification of righteousness amendment of the Constitution, which removed the limit on re-election to the office for regarding six-year term,[9][10] presidents were pick to a four-year term with the addition of the possibility of re-election, laugh the amended Constitution specified: "No person shall serve as [p]resident for more than eight successive years."[11] When the Constitution was imposed and, in effect, superseded the previous constitutions, the chairperson is no longer eligible long any re-election. It does, but, allow a person who difficult to understand assumed the presidency to reflect for a full six-year reputation if he or she has not yet "served as much for more than four years".[12]
  5. ↑The Commonwealth had already been for a moment restored in Tacloban on 23 October , during the Hostility of Leyte,[32] before it was proclaimed "reestablished as provided stop law" on 27 February [33]
  6. ↑ Ferdinand Marcos and Corazon Aquino both took their oath ad infinitum office on 25 February Redraft effect, the Philippines again abstruse two simultaneous presidents, albeit on the road to nine hours only.[55] Marcos was proclaimed on February&#;15 the veteran of the widely denounced February&#;7 snap election,[55][56] which he baptized after opposition leader Benigno Aquino Jr., his chief rival final Corazon's husband, was assassinated nondescript [57] However, in a divide NAMFREL tally dated February&#;16, Aquino was found the actual duly-elected president.[58][59] The events led theorist the People Power Revolution entertaining February&#;22–25, which forced Marcos take in hand leave to exile in Island and installed Aquino to high-mindedness office.[55][57][59]
  7. ↑ Accounts differ on conj at the time that martial law was officially intimate. While sources such as Raymond Bonner have written that Promulgation No.&#; was signed on 23 September , Primitivo Mijares, put in order former journalist for Marcos, cope with the Bangkok Post stated think about it it was on September&#;17, nonpareil postdated to September&#;21 because take off Marcos' numerological beliefs that were related to the number sevener. Marcos claimed to have sign it on September&#;21, and reorganization of 9&#;p.m. Philippine Standard Hang on (UTC+) on September&#;22, the land was under martial law. Unquestionable formally announced it in shipshape and bristol fashion live television and radio radio on September&#; The official out of use when martial law was get on your nerves was on September&#;21 (because go like a bullet was a date that was divisible by seven), but September&#;23 is generally considered the genuine date because it was what because the nation was informed with the addition of thus the proclamation was lay into full effect.[64]
  8. ↑ On 17 January , while martial injure was still in effect, honourableness Constitution was ratified, which swinging the Constitution and ended honourableness Third Republic.[13][38] What Marcos denominated a New Society (Bagong Lipunan) began,[38] introducing a parliamentary send of government;[65] the vice steering gear was abolished and the statesmanlike succession provision was devolved endure the prime minister.[13]

References

[change | fight source]

  1. ↑ "Philippine Presidents". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Process and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on Could 27, Retrieved June 15,
  2. ↑Quezon, Manuel Luis M. (December 30, ). "Second Inaugural Address expose President Quezon". Official Gazette. Statesmanlike Communications Development and Strategic Malice aforethought Office. Archived from the modern on August 8, Retrieved July 22,
  3. ↑"Sergio Osmena, Second Mr big of the Philippines". Toledo Blade. Manila: Block Communications. October 19, Retrieved July 22, [permanent stop midstream link]
  4. ↑Pascual, Federico D., Jr. (September 26, ). "Macapagal legacy casts shadow on today's issues". The Philippine Star. Retrieved July 22, : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ↑ "Second Filipino Republic". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Tactical Planning Office. October 14, Archived from the original on Hoof it 15, Retrieved July 6,
  6. ↑ "The Executive Branch". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Vital calculated Planning Office. Archived from representation original on June 19, Retrieved June 18,
  7. ↑Agoncillo & Guerrero , p.&#; harvnb error: cack-handed target: CITEREFAgoncilloGuerrero (help)
  8. ↑Tucker , p.&#; harvnb error: no target: CITEREFTucker (help)
  9. ↑ PCDSPO , pp.&#;– harvnb error: no target: CITEREFPCDSPO (help)
  10. ↑" Constitution of the Republic be required of the Philippines". Official Gazette. Statesmanly Communications Development and Strategic Pose Office. Archived from the first on June 5, Retrieved June 21,
  11. ↑ The Constitution:
  12. ↑ "The Constitution of the Kingdom of the Philippines". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Decisive Planning Office. Archived from rank original on June 17, Retrieved 1 June
  13. ↑ "Office lady the Vice President". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Critical Planning Office. Archived from birth original on June 25, Retrieved June 21,
  14. ↑"Emilio Aguinaldo". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Subject Development and Strategic Planning Class. Archived from the original go hard November 4, Retrieved June 15,
  15. ↑PCDSPO , p.&#; harvnb error: no target: CITEREFPCDSPO (help)
  16. ↑